Polari, a secret language used by the LGBTQ+ community in Britain from the 19th century until the 1970s, has had a significant influence on LGBTQ+ culture and identity. Originally created by gay men as a way to communicate discreetly in a society where homosexuality was illegal and heavily stigmatized, Polari became a key element of queer subculture, helping to create a sense of community and solidarity among its speakers.

Polari was a mix of Italian, Romany, Yiddish, and slang from English theater and circus performers. It included unique vocabulary and expressions that allowed its speakers to communicate openly about their identity and experiences without fear of reprisal. For example, “naff” meant boring or drab, “zhoosh” meant to improve or style up, and “cottaging” referred to meeting for anonymous sex in public toilets.

By using Polari, LGBTQ+ individuals could connect with each other, share their stories, and express their true selves without having to hide or censor their identities. It served as a form of resistance to the oppressive laws and societal attitudes that marginalized and discriminated against them. In this sense, Polari was not just a language but a powerful tool for empowerment and liberation.

In addition to its practical function, Polari also played a significant role in shaping LGBTQ+ culture and identity. It was a form of cultural expression that allowed queer individuals to assert their unique identity and create a sense of belonging within a hostile world. Its use in music halls, theaters, and clubs helped create a shared community and foster a sense of camaraderie and solidarity among LGBTQ+ individuals.

Furthermore, Polari has had a lasting impact on LGBTQ+ culture, influencing art, literature, and popular culture. The language has been celebrated in various works of fiction, such as Joe Orton’s play “Loot” and Alan Hollinghurst’s novel “The Line of Beauty.” It has also been embraced by contemporary queer artists and performers who draw inspiration from Polari’s history and significance.

Overall, the influence of Polari on LGBTQ+ culture and identity cannot be overstated. It provided a means of communication and connection for a community that was marginalized and persecuted, helping to create a sense of solidarity and resilience in the face of adversity. Today, Polari remains a testament to the creativity, strength, and resilience of the LGBTQ+ community, serving as a reminder of the power of language and culture in shaping identity and fostering pride.